.svg)
.svg){kind=icon}
THE Problem
Blockchain transparency blocks institutional adoption
Every ERC-20 transfer exposes balance, amount, and counterparty to the public. For regulated industries such as banking, payroll, institutional DeFi, this is not a tradeoff, this is a dealbreaker.
HOW IT WORKS
The same token logic as ERC20,
but encrypted end-to-end
ERC-7984 mirrors the ERC-20 interface exactly, replacing visible values with encrypted handles. The smart contract checks balances, subtracts and adds, without ever seeing the underlying numbers.
Client Side Encryption
User encrypts the transfer amount on their device before submitting. The blockchain receives an encrypted blob — a ciphertext handle — never the actual figure.
FHE Computation
Coprocessors perform the arithmetic — balance checks, subtraction, addition — entirely on encrypted data. The contract logic runs as normal. No value is ever exposed.
Access Control Logic
Only authorized parties, such as recipient, designated auditors, or regulators can decrypt. A threshold key management system prevents any single actor from access.
ERC-20 VS ERC-7984
Same standard, with confidentiality guarantees
A direct comparison of ERC-20 vs ERC-7984 standards.
Standard ERC-20
Confidential ERC-7984
FOR DEVELOPERS
If you’ve already built with ERC-20,
You already know ERC-7984
The API mirrors the standard token interface exactly, just swap uint256 for euint64. No cryptography expertise required.
// USD
_mint(account, amount);
// cUSDT
_mint(account, FHE.asEuint64(amount));
// USDT
transfer(to, amount);
// cUSD
confidentialTransfer(to, encryptedAmount);
// USDT
balanceOf(account);
// cUSDT
confidentialBalanceOf(account);Built for the industries where confidentiality isn't optional
For institutions, confidentiality and compliance aren't features. They're operating requirements to move their activities on public blockchains.
.svg)
Confidential RWA Tokenization
Bring real-world assets onchain without exposing investor identities, deal terms, or cap table structure.
.svg)
Confidential Payments and Payroll
Settle, invoice, and compensate onchain without making transaction amounts visible to the world.
.svg)
Confidential DeFi and Trading
Trade, stake, and earn yield onchain without leaking positions, strategies, or counterparty data.
.svg)
Confidential Token Distribution
Run vesting, airdrops, and allocations onchain without exposing who gets what.
ERC-7984 CONFIDENTIAL TOKENS
Confidential Token Wrappers Registry
Official ERC-7984 tokens built on the Zama Protocol.
ECOSYSTEM
An open standard, backed by an industry consortium
The Confidential Token Association co-founded by Zama, OpenZeppelin, and Inco coordinates adoption across protocols, chains, and regulated industries.
Protocol
Solutions
ECOSYSTEM
Resources
community
company
